Why I Chose to Go Back to College Free Essays

For what reason did I stand by so long to return to class has been my idea since I begun classes on â€online? It has been such an improving encounter, since beginning classes, and I truly lament beginning as late as I did, yet I am energized that I did. By settling on the decision to return to class as a grown-up it has improved my life as well as my youngsters lives too. Working out the time and mustarding up the vitality to finish a degree was not all what I needed to anticipate, however I realized that without the degree I wouldn’t have the information that it took to have a fruitful providing food business. We will compose a custom exposition test on Why I Chose to Go Back to College or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Above all I expected to show my kids the entirety of the amazing advantages that join finishing your degree. My choice to return to class to get my bachelor’s qualification in Business originated from the way that I needed my providing food business to develop higher than ever. Seven years prior I chose to begin my own cooking business because of my loved ones expressing that I truly had an item in the food that I arranged. The idea of heading off to college as a grown-up, sitting in a class with understudies a large portion of my age, or considerably more educated about the current subjects made me apprehensive, however I realized I required a business degree to ready to accomplish the objectives that I have set for myself. Getting my degree will likewise permit more ways to open in the event that I choose to return into the workforce. During secondary school I was extremely determined and I realized what I needed to do with my life. When I arrived at the age of 18 I wrecked from the plans that I had set out for myself and concluded that getting my GED would be the best choice for my life at that point. School is pricey, I said. Repaying understudy advances for an incredible remainder and not really accomplishing the degree additionally made me worried about beginning before I was prepared. My sixteen yr. ld Son will be looking for a collection inside the following year, and I need him to mull over it cautiously as I did, so I make an effort not to drive him into any course with the goal that he can settle on a choice that he will have the option to get a degree that he feels is the best for him. So what I am attempting to state is, the information that is expected to grow a business from nothing to everything is endless, there are such huge numbers of things to learn and it is certainly justified regardless of the opportunity to similarly just as get the hang of whatever is helpful not exclusively to business yet to your own life too. Choosing to return to class in my thirties truly was the best move for me on the grounds that there is currently the choice to go to class on line, I can settle on better choices to the extent my profession goes and I can keep on bringing up my three youngsters and go to class at my own accommodation. Concentrating on the business while going to class on-line has just had a critical effect in the manner I work and market the business today. The most effective method to refer to Why I Chose to Go Back to College, Papers

Infancy and Early Childhood Development Paper – Week 2

Earliest stages and Early Childhood Development PSY/375 January 21, 2013 Infancy and Early Childhood Development During improvement from outset to youth numerous progressions occur. There are numerous elements that influence the improvement at each stage. Relational intricacies can profoundly affect how a youngster develops and creates as the person becomes more seasoned. There are three child rearing styles delivered by Diana Baumrind that impact advancement with a certain goal in mind. These styles are established on four focal measurements (Berger, 2011, p. 273). Youth training has a noteworthy job in psychological development.The early years in a child’s life can impact the advancement of specific aptitudes that permit a youngster expand upon what the person has as of now formatively gained. There are numerous perspectives that impact a child’s improvement all through life. Relational peculiarities Affecting Early Childhood Development Family elements can have an im perative job on the improvement of newborn children and little youngsters. Kids naturally introduced to a harsh family unit stand a greater danger of being influenced formatively than those naturally introduced to a non-injurious family. Misuse can mean enthusiastic or physical and abuse.Children genuinely manhandled can have a mental self view issue where the individual may feel useless and this can influence the manner in which a youngster learns. Physical maltreatment can bring about mental imperfections that can be related with poor psychological capacity if the maltreatment were approximately the leader of the youngster. Another way family can influence the improvement of babies and small kids is through language. During earliest stages youngsters learn by tuning in and mirroring what they watch. On the off chance that a parent converses with their youngster or newborn child the baby is bound to get on words and build up a discourse pattern.It is said that most guardians the wo rld over are remarkable educators (Berger, 2011, p. 172). Different hypotheses with respect to advancement of language in youngsters originate from the premise that people are innately social animals and depend on one another for joy and the capacity to endure. Babies are likewise thought to instruct themselves. Bergerâ (2011)â stated, â€Å"Noam Chomsky (1968, 1980) and his adherents felt that language is too intricate to be in any way aced only through bit by bit conditioning† (p. 174).LAD (language securing gadget) permits small kids to get the rules of sentence structure quicker and all the more effectively from discourse heard every day, regardless of whether it is in their local language or another dialect. Child rearing Styles Influence on Development Baumrind’s three styles of child rearing incorporate tyrant, tolerant and legitimate child rearing. Tyrant child rearing implies that the guardians have the last word and their assertion is law. This implies the youngster complies with the parents’ directions, demands and orders. Guardians who have this sort of child rearing style may be viewed as unaffectionate toward the children.Authoritarian child rearing shows a kid not to address authority and to follow orders. The following child rearing style is tolerant. Guardians who utilize this style are frequently alluded to as liberal. This implies they frequently â€Å"give in† to their child’s needs and needs. Dissimilar to the tyrant style that can realize harsh punishments tolerant guardians utilize little order on their youngsters. Lenient guardians are empowering and open minded. The third style of child rearing is known as definitive. Legitimate guardians have rules and rules set up for their children.Parents with this style of child rearing are not reluctant to implement the standards and present discipline that â€Å"fits the wrongdoing. † A legitimate parent is typically more ready to excuse a kid than reb uff. This sort of parent sees oneself as a parent and not a power or a companion as in the initial two styles of child rearing (Berger, 2011). My Choice of Parenting Style The child rearing style that I see as best is the definitive child rearing style. Legitimate child rearing is by all accounts the center ground among tyrant and permissive.Whereas definitive guardians are typically prepared to pardon, I accept that they are likewise ready to utilize discipline when required. Legitimate child rearing styles take a tad bit of tyrant and lenient and use it to profit the youngster. This style sets limits and furthermore permits the kid to have their voice heard that thus loans to development. Being adaptable and permitting the youngster to have their state can likewise instruct kids to regard each other just as others. Definitive child rearing permits the youngsters to settle on their own choices on the grounds that the standards and rules are set.The choice to keep the principles or disrupt the guidelines is totally up to the kid. The tyrant child rearing style is excessively exacting and organized while the tolerant child rearing style is excessively indulgent. The center ground would immovably be definitive child rearing by my perspectives in the subject. Impacts of Early Childhood Education on Cognitive Development Early youth instruction can profoundly affect the psychological improvement of a youngster. Youth instruction permits an establishment for kids to add to and learn more all through life.Early youth training incorporates abilities, for example, letters in order, numbers, starting to peruse and perceive site words. There are numerous projects around set out to improve a child’s intellectual turn of events, some even run by our legislature. Kids start learning when they are conceived and there are stages where significant data can be educated to a kid. It is significant in early instruction that the youngsters be animated and tested. In youth advancement small kids will experience stages where they will initially need to have a sense of safety, experience exploration.This happens when the kid gets portable (slithering or strolling). At that point, the youngster will need to build up a feeling of personality and become progressively autonomous. The subsequent stage is viewed as the preschooler years. This is the point at which the kid grows better engine aptitudes and balance and furthermore there is an expansion in verbal sharpness. The last stage happens when the kid hits the essential age gathering. Thinking aptitudes, critical thinking abilities increment alongside composed correspondence grows rapidly (Grisham-Brown,â 2003-2009). ConclusionIn summation, relational intricacies can influence the advancement of babies and little youngsters from multiple points of view. By and large, contingent upon the status of a family can influence how well a youngster learns or grasps data. The three child rearing styles generally being used today are tyrant; don't scrutinize the parents’ word. Tolerant is the place the parent is extremely liberal toward the youngsters and comes up short on any control. The third child rearing style is definitive; the parent is adaptable however there are rules and rules set up. Youth instruction is basic to subjective development.Early youth training sets the foundation for the later years. Early training gives the youngsters the apparatuses so the person can expand upon the information that was procured right off the bat throughout everyday life. Reference Berger, K. S. (2011). The creating individual through the life expectancy [University of Phoenix Custom Edition eBook]. New York, New York: Worth. Recovered from University of Phoenix, PSY375 †Life range human advancement site. Grisham-Brown, J. (2003-2009). Instruction. com. Recovered from http://www. instruction. com/reference/article/youth advancement/

The Symbolic Pearl in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

Pearls have constantly held an incredible cost to humankind, yet no pearl had ever been earned at as high an expense to an individual as in Hester Prynne, an amazing Heroine in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s tale The Scarlet Letter. Her little girl Pearl, naturally introduced to a Puritan jail in a bigger number of ways than one, is a confounding character serving completely as a vehicle for imagery. From her presentation as a newborn child on her mother’s framework of disgrace to the turbulent pinnacle of the story, Pearl is a compassionate and clever youngster. All through the story she assimilates the concealed feelings of her mom and amplifies them for all to see. Pearl is the pith of scholarly imagery. She is, now and again, a vehicle for Hawthorne to communicate the conflicting and translucent characteristics of Hester and Dimmesdale’s unlawful security, and at different occasions, a mighty token of her mother’s sin. Pearl Prynne is her mother’s most v aluable belonging and her solitary motivation to live, yet Pearl additionally fills in as an extremely valuable fortune bought with Hester’s life. Pearl’s odd magnificence and profoundly puzzling characteristics make her the most remarkable image Hawthorne has ever made. The result of Hester’s sin and distress, Pearl, was a horrendously steady token of her mother’s infringement of the Seventh Commandment: Thou shalt not submit infidelity. Hester herself felt that Pearl was given to her as a gift as well as a discipline more terrible than death or lowness. She is tormented by her daughter’s adolescent prodding and unending addressing about the red letter and its connection to Minister Dimmesdale. After Pearl has made a letter â€Å"A† on her own bosom out of ocean growth, she asks her mom: But in great sincere, presently, mother dear, what does this red letter mean? - and why dost thou wear it on thy chest? - and for what reason does the past or keep his hand over his heart? In saying this Pearl suggests that she knows a whole lot more about the red letter than she lets on. All through the discussion Pearl is mischievous and prodding, saying a certain something and repudiating it before long. She will not say exactly what she implies, which makes it hard for Hester to offer a straight response. Hester is stunned that her energetic girl has lead their discussion to the subject of the red letter, and much progressively upset that she has expected Hester’s letter and Dimmesdale’s propensity for squeezing his hand to his heart a branch from a similar issue. The Symbolic Pearl in Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter expositions Pearls have constantly held an extraordinary cost to humankind, yet no pearl had ever been earned at as high an expense to an individual as in Hester Prynne, a ground-breaking Heroine in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s epic The Scarlet Letter. Her little girl Pearl, naturally introduced to a Puritan jail in a larger number of ways than one, is a mysterious character serving completely as a vehicle for imagery. From her presentation as a newborn child on her mother’s platform of disgrace to the turbulent pinnacle of the story, Pearl is a sympathetic and keen youngster. All through the story she ingests the concealed feelings of her mom and amplifies them for all to see. Pearl is the substance of artistic imagery. She is, now and again, a vehicle for Hawthorne to communicate the conflicting and translucent characteristics of Hester and Dimmesdale’s unlawful security, and at different occasions, a commanding token of her mother’s sin. Pearl Prynne is her mother’ s most valuable belonging and her solitary motivation to live, however Pearl likewise fills in as an extremely valuable fortune bought with Hester’s life. Pearl’s abnormal magnificence and profoundly perplexing characteristics make her the most remarkable image Hawthorne has ever made. The result of Hester’s sin and misery, Pearl, was a horrendously steady token of her mother’s infringement of the Seventh Commandment: Thou shalt not submit infidelity. Hester herself felt that Pearl was given to her as a gift as well as a discipline more terrible than death or shame. She is tormented by her daughter’s adolescent prodding and interminable addressing about the red letter and its connection to Minister Dimmesdale. After Pearl has made a letter â€Å"A† on her own bosom out of kelp, she asks her mom: But in great sincere, presently, mother dear, what does this red letter mean? - and why dost thou wear it on thy chest? - and for what reason does t he pastor keep his hand over his heart? In saying this Pearl suggests that she knows a whole lot more about the red letter than she lets on. All through the discussion Pearl is wicked and prodding, saying a certain something and negating it before long. She won't state exactly what she implies, which makes it hard for Hester to offer a straight response. Hester is stunned that her perky girl has lead their discussion to the subject of the red letter, and much increasingly upset that she has expected Hester’s letter and Dimmesdale’s propensity for squeezing his hand to his heart a branch from a similar issue.

Role Of African Americans In Civil War - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1923 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/18 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Civil War Essay War Essay Did you like this example? Identification and Evaluation of Sources This investigation will explore the question, â€Å"To what extent did African Americans play a service role during the American Civil War?† It will focus the perspective of African Americans during the American Civil War, 1861 through 1865. Many know how greatly the American Civil War affected African Americans, but how African Americans affected the outcome of the war is often overlooked. To further understand their contribution, this investigation covers the work of African Americans in the Civil War, ranging from fighting, to farming, to stealing and spying. The first source to be evaluated in depth is a page containing multiple interviews from African American Military Laborers and Soldiers in the Civil War. During the Great Depression, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) had interviewed 2,300 formerly enslaved African Americans. This page contains only a few interviews, but specifically those who are American Civil War Veterans. The interviews allow the reader to experience a different perspective of those who partook in the Civil War. This is a value because it creates and inside view of people who not only lived during the American Civil War time but that they also were apart of it. A first-hand perspective can drastically differ from others. Although this source was very helpful in the investigation, because it was all interviews, there was an abundance of bias. Being able to sort through the information and use it without inserting bias is complicated and makes it a limitation. This may also be considered a limitation because t he interviews were taken almost 70 years after the Civil War. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Role Of African Americans In Civil War" essay for you Create order The purpose of this source is to allows to reader to understand that even though these people were encountering the same events, that each experience was still very unique. It discusses the different roles that African Americans played in the American Civil War and how each role still made a great impact. This source also displays the importance of receiving information through interview and how different perspectives can create a deeper understanding. Another source to be analyzed is a site called, â€Å"The Root.† It seems as though it is a reliable site about African American culture and history. The source was written in 2015 which allowed for the author, John Stauffer, for gain from his advantage of hindsight. Being that is a recent source, Stauffer knows and understands the post war successes and issues making the ideas more valid. Stauffer is a professor at Harvard University and has written multiple books. His scholarliness has proved him to be a just writer with verifiable information. This source may be a limitation because Stauffer shares extreme bias through his words and ideas. He often uses sarcasm to further argue his points. Stauffer also never shared any of the same experience as they took place in the 1800’s. Besides that, the article is designed to properly and fairly answer specific common questions that the reader may have. The purpose of this source is to help eliminate confusion and inform readers. Stauffer ideas are solid and easily understood. His article is very organized and has accurate information that can be fed to many people who want to understand this topic. Investigation The American Civil war resolved two fundamental questions left unresolved by the revolution: whether the United States was to be a dissolvable confederation of sovereign states or an indivisible nation with a sovereign national government; and whether this nation, born of a declaration that all men were created with an equal right to liberty, would continue to exist as the largest slaveholding country in the world. The American Civil War and it’s result still affects the United States today. The outcome of this war was impacted even more by the service role of African Americans and their efforts. Both sides, the Union and the Confederacy, had support from African American. Whether it was by force or choice, the outcome may had been altered if it weren’t for the support of African Americans. During the war, African American soldiers on the Confederate side were simply called, â€Å"Black Confederates.† While on the side of the Union, African Americans were referre d to as â€Å"Afro-Yankees.† While some still question why African Americans participated in this war, they made a great impact on the outcome. From battles to farming, African Americans played a large service role in the Civil War. African American soldiers, specifically on the Confederate side, did a lot of what could be called the â€Å"dirty work† (Stauffer). This consisted of stealing any usable objects from those who passed, killing those who are suffering, and burying many of the dead bodies. Dirty work can also be labor work, such as supporting the Confederacy as servants and teamsters to build roads, batteries and fortifications. â€Å"You see, they required all of the slave owners to send so many of us to the army to work digging the trenches and throwing up de breastworks and repairing the railroads of what the Yankees done destroyed,† said Tines Kendricks, a slave who happened to be one of the people his master sent over to war. Blacks who shouldered arms for the Confederacy numbered a rough estimate of 6,000, among the hundreds of thousands of whites who served (Stauffer). African Americans washed uniforms, shined boots, mended clothes and tents, cooked, farmed, and generally did much of the drudgery for the armed forces (Nelson). In contrast, far more Union army soldiers were tied down in such tasks, since the Union did not have many free black labor to do these non-combat duties. It was very common for African Americans to contribute to the war by cooking and or farming. A war of any sort requires enormous amounts of food which was powered by laborers, which in this case were the African Americans. and in 1862 the Confederate Congress enacted a law authorizing four black cooks per company. Some of the troops raised money to hire black cooks, they were paid fifteen dollars a month if they were free, if not, they had to have permission from their master to be able to work. African Americans also grew the crops that fed the Confederacy, as Frederick Douglass noted, blacks were â€Å"the stomach of the rebellion† (Stauffer). Black laborers numbered from 20,000 to 50,000. Many of escaped slaves followed almost every major Union army at one point or another. Legally, African Americans were not allowed to serve in the war as combat soldiers. As soon as news of the Civil War set off, a rush of free black men wanted to enlist in U.S. military. They were rejected because of a Federal law from 1792 barred African Americans from bearing arms for the U.S. army. The decision of authorizing black troops into the war sparked concern that it may prompt the border states to secede, however, the Lincoln administration still wrestled with the idea (Freeman). Congress passed the Second Confiscation and Militia Act, freeing slaves who had masters in the Confederate Army. Black leaders such as Frederick Douglass encouraged black men to become soldiers to ensure eventual full citizenship. By the end of the Civil War, roughly 179,000 black men served as soldiers in the U.S. Army, that is ten percent of the Union Army (Freeman). African American women were not permitted to be in the army by law, however many joined as nurses, spies, and scouts. One of the m ost infamous scouts in the American Civil War was Harriet Tubman. She scouted for the 2d South Carolina Volunteers. Many wonder why African Americans would even bother to participate in the war, specifically the Confederate side. There are multiple reasons to why African Americans would want to play such a role in the American Civil War. One of the first reasons being that some African Americans were forced to by their masters. â€Å"When the war started, my master sent me to work for the Confederate army. I worked most of the time for three years, hauling cannons, driving mules, hauling ammunition and provisions. When the Union army came close enough I ran away and joined the Union army,† said Bill Simms a slave who escaped but later returned to his master’s home after the war, â€Å"My master owned about four hundred acres of good land and he hired me to work for him.† Others joined the war because they were optimistic and had high hopes of the outcome. These people finally had a cause that they wanted to fight for. Often times many African Americans took advantage of the fog of war and used it as an opportunity to escape to the Union as seen in Simms case. Another man, like Simms, made a run for safety, â€Å"You know Abraham Lincoln declared freedom in ’63, first day of January. In October ’63, I ran away and went to Pine Bluff, Arkansas to get to the Yankees,† said Boston Blackwell, â€Å"When we gets to the Yankee camp all our troubles was over. We got all the contraband [food taken by the troops] we could eat.† He escaped with a young boy, and traveled for two days to reach safety. The contribution of African Americans to the American Civil War significantly altered the result. The service role of African Americans during this time period was substantial to the outcome. It is to a great extent that African Americans had played a service role in the American Civil War. Reflection The biggest challenge facing historians is uncertainty. The process of this investigation has allowed me to use a variety of research methods and experience some of the challenges that historians face. Firstly, through my use of primary sources, I came to see the difficulty of gaining accurate historical knowledge. Although primary sources are useful for bringing us closer to the past, we can’t rely just on the information being presented, for the bias may create inaccuracy. This challenge was made explicit to me through the examination of my primary resources, such as the interviews I read on the National Humanities Center website. Historians struggle with bias everyday, converting opinions into something objective is what makes their job very difficult. It is also very hard when attempting to use a story that has come from other sources for it is like a game of telephone, each time it is used, it is altered just a bit. Being a historian also requires the ability to decide what pieces of information to keep and which to leave out. They may also struggle with making all of the information, they have specifically chosen, entertaining and compelling. I found that in my research I struggled with the decision of what is important enough to be in my investigation and what is not. For example, when reviewing two similar sources that say slightly different things, could change the whole rest of my article. Many times there is very little information to go off of, like in ancient or medieval times, while other times there is too much information on. Choosing certain pieces or missing certain pieces can greatly affect the final product. Historians also have to include other effectors during that time period that could affect their research. Ideas such as culture, government, wars, gender, religion and race. Having the right background information on a topic can greatly change the concepts and the reasons behind them. Historians have to be able to understand people, for feelings can extreme the bias of a source and can justify the actions of history. There is no way to tell what is right or wrong, leading each of the historians’ ideas to differ.

Correctional Institutes Do Not Correct or Rehabilitate...

Emile Durkheim puts forth the sociological theory that individuals are overwhelmingly a product of their environment. Thus, societies directly influence their members perspectives and qualities of life. The same theory can apply to the American correctional system. Segregation in prison, whether according to race, gang affiliation, or religion, allows for the reinforcement of the group mentality within the individual through cultural transmission. Rather than rehabilitating, then, the correctional system only further socializes a criminal mentality among its inmates that directly contributes to the high rates of rearrests within a three-year period follow release. The reentry in to society is unjust for individuals (offenders) and†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Crime is the end product of various social process, especially inappropriate socialization and social learning† (Schmalleger, 2014, p.83-99). Therefore, the segregation of a community and separation in of race, rel igion, gang affiliation would prove to be in appropriate in our society. Whether that the correction system is just saving themselves form hard work they are doing and injustice to society and the offender by the allowance of such separation †segregation† of filling the offenders by such unrepeatable nature. The allowance is furthering their alliance of different or similar and more deviant nature for a superior cause for religion or gang. A family member of mine stated upon entrance of â€Å"Rikers Island’ stated he was not of gang affiliate, but labeled as thus. Although knowing thus, why would this be a necessary means of knowledge if the process were to instill law-abiding behavior? Segregation in to his group of choice is comfort to a cause of the same societal environment that he surrounded his self with this cannot help rehabilitation. Now let us move on to retribution, the process to repay for something that has been fault by an individual â€Å"For eve ry action there is an equal and opposite reaction.† Newton third law of motion, it has well known properties that this is relative to reality of society as well. If social harm has taken place, there must be an equal substantive reaction. I agree greatly, but to what extent do we keep penalizing society’sShow MoreRelatedIssues in the Correctional Systems of the United States.1797 Words   |  8 PagesIssues in the Correctional Systems of the United States I have chosen to research the correctional system of the United States for many reasons. The first reason is that I believe this component of the legal system has the most problems facing it. Another reason is that this topic interests me and I would like to learn more about it. There are many important issues, challenges and problems within the United States correctional system that need to be addressed. I found it difficult to focus on justRead MoreEssay on Women’s Role in Corrections: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly2841 Words   |  12 Pagesevolving for many years. From incarceration to working in correctional facilities, women obtain unique characteristics in corrections. This paper gives an account of the good, the bad, and the ugly aspects of the past accounts of women in corrections. The good addresses the struggles and obstacles women have overcome to gain equal access in corrections. The bad involves the harassment and negative aspects women were subjected to endure in a correctional setting, and negative situations from male offenderRead MoreThe Department of Corrections Essay2847 Words   |  12 Pageserected in 1625. Its facilities were dungeon-like. Its prisoners included unruly soldiers, native people that were uncompliant, and debtors. Next came States Huys. It was built in 1642. This Corrections facility also served as a tavern, a court, and a city hall. 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It is here thatRead MorePrivate Prisons266 2 Words   |  11 Pagesuntil the 19th century that a clear shift occurred from corporal punishment to imprisonment. As societies prospered and the industrial revolution began, the formal prison system, as we know it today, developed. Throughout most of the world, the correctional system is administered by the state, and it is considered a key function that the government must fulfill: protect its citizens by guaranteeing the state of law while enforcing the judicial system. More than two decades ago, the United Sates andRead MorePrivate Prisons2652 Words   |  11 Pagesuntil the 19th century that a clear shift occurred from corporal punishment to imprisonment. As societies prospered and the industrial revolution began, the formal prison system, as we know it today, developed. Throughout most of the world, the correctional system is administered by the state, and it is considered a key function that the government must fulfill: protect its citizens by guaranteeing the state of la w while enforcing the judicial system. More than two decades ago, the United Sates andRead MoreThe Effectiveness of U.S. and Scandinavian Penal and Prisons Systems3045 Words   |  13 PagesJoe is a prisoner in a United States penitentiary convicted of assault with a deadly weapon and attempted robbery. Johan is a prisoner in a Norwegian Correctional Facility also convicted of assault with a deadly weapon and attempted robbery. After eight years of serving their time in custody, they are released back out into society, the world beyond their prison walls. During the following month after their release, Joe has once again been arrested for assault and attempted robbery while Johan hasRead MoreIts Time to Privatize Colombian’s Prisons2566 Words   |  11 Pagestransportation of convicts through ships operated by the private sector, under an agreement with the British government. (Ammon, 1992. Feeley, 2002, Hughes, 1987) In 1849 the practice of prison privatization was abolished, until 1960s, when the correctional facilities were implemented in USA, initially running by not-profit organizations. (James, 1997; Krisberg, 1986). This fact marked the contemporary revival of the figure of the prison privatization in the nineteenth century. (Cavadino and Dignan

Dividing Points in Czechoslovakia - 1728 Words

Communism in East-Central countries has tried to weaken religiosity. Religious repression and harassment under the Communist authorities have been greatly affecting people beliefs. The Roman Catholic Church was another dividing point of Czechoslovakia, between two republics. Slovakians advocated closer connection to religion than Czechs did. However, the story goes back in the history of 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries, when there have been major revolutionary wars fighting for religion that formed foundations of both republics that affected later on the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. The fall of Communism regime, once more affirmed and exposed both republics’ religious identities. Czechs identified themselves less likely as religious than Slovaks, where majority-more than half disclosed themselves as religious. Both Czech Republic and Slovakia have been marked with many nationalistic and religious movements, Czech Republic adopting Protestantism and Slovaks following Catholic ism. The differences in religion have influenced the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1993. Back in the history-The Czech Republic The Czech Republic in the fifteenth century has been involved in conflicts between the Protestants and the Roman Catholic Church. In the beginning of the century, Jan Hus started out a reform movement, who was a religious reformer, significant public and political figure for Czechs. In 1401, he became a priest and afterwards appointed as the preacher in the BethlehemShow MoreRelatedEssay on Tension and Suspicion Between U.S. and Russia1310 Words   |  6 Pagesto everyone, especially Stalin who was not prepared for it. According to Churchill, it was the turning point of the war. This turn on Stalin seemed like a great thing, if the Soviet Union hadn’t collapsed so quickly. With the fear of the Soviet Union’s surrender, Churchill and Roosevelt secretly met in the historic Atlantic Conference in August 1941. 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Project Management for Warehousing Requirements

Question: Discuss about the Project Management for Warehousing Requirements. Answer: Organizational Setting The project is fulfilling the warehousing requirements, effectively, by integrating the stock movement operations of Futuris automotives, as part of its effective strategic direction, to ease the process of manufacturing facilities, located in South Australia. Futuris initiated and implemented this project, to consolidate the warehousing facilities, to integrate into a single operating site, so that the operational overhead costs can be reduced in the future (Curlee Wanda, 2011). Project environment The project environment can be perceived to be a black and white communication and every communication and correspondence is recorded as agreements. When the communication and correspondence is done in written and agreements, the conflicts or miscommunications are less likely. All the objectives along with the quality criteria are set clearly and budget estimations, roles of each of the stakeholder is also given in the project review meetings, perceived as an assumption. Objectives The primary objective of the project is to integrate Plexicor into the Futuris DC, for optimistic impact over the storage capacity in the warehouse, towards fulfilling the additional space requirement of 2695 spaces, for bringing and placing the stock from other site, by changing the current layout into a new layout. Importance of the Project to the Organisation Stock in multiple locations will lead to additional transport burdens and eventually, increased expenses and budget, in overall operations of the company. It leads to increased cost per piece of product and thereby, conversion of the customer to competitor. Eventually, cutting the expenses over the operations would benefit the company, by serving better to the customers. In this context, the Futuris experiences additional budget and burden, from the multiple stock locations, additional staff, transportation, from stocking the items in multiple locations in South Australia (Kousholt, 2007). This burden can be relieved, by integrating the warehousing facilities into one place that would improve material handling system also. The company can save $120,000 every year, approximately. Project Definition The warehousing project is integrating the stock operations in one site, to better integrate the manufacturing facilities, from Plexicor into Futuris DC for Futuris. Project Challenges The project, though do not have serious or major challenges, it is associated with certain constraints, such as ensuring of ongoing support of the warehouse facilities for stock delivery requirements, for first half duration of the year 2010. Another constraint is that the entire project has to be completed within the budget of $150,000. These are not major constraints or challenges and expected to overcome, easily, with better project performance (Cleland Gareis, 2006). Scope The warehouse integration project has the scope that the stock and material present in Futuris DC and Plexicor are to be integrated and accommodated in a single location, called Futuris DC, in Futuris. Ensuring the financial benefits and ease of operations are out of scope of this project, as this project has the scope of integrating the stock and material into one place, only (PMI, 2010). Project Plan Initially, an agreement is done among the teams of Futuris Materials handling, Futuris production and Ceva logistics, so that interruptions as well as the stock discrepancies will not be occurring and concern of OH S also addressed, towards moving the products to the new manufacturing facility from the current location. The project is planned to executed in three steps, reviewing the present Futuris DC warehouse location, based on requirement, changing the layout and moving and re-assembling the units and stock (Lock, 2007). The planning of the project is done extensively, with the following steps. Review of viability of storage of materials present in DC and perform the recommendations accordingly, after estimating and confirming the total Plexicor storage required, both in terms of bulk storage as well as the racking storage requirement Then the project estimation is done, in terms of budget, after confirmation of the additional storage that is possible to accommodate the new products and confirmation of any additional storage is required, than the available storage For additional storage, 3 quotes are requested Then the labour required to implement the project is estimated and then confirmed, in terms of labour hours and then the number of labour required After confirmation and estimation, the process of approvals is done, after estimation of the budget and other resources Then integrate Plexicor material storage in Futuris DC, which is started with considering the material into location and estimating the total material to be shifted The material in Plexicor is removed initially, from current storage locations, in which all inventory is moved temporary staging area and then review of physical inventory to system levels is done and later corrections done, if any errors are occured Then the line marking in Future DC is done accordingly, considering the existing material in DC as well as the new material to be accommodated from Plexicor. It is started with removing the present lining and then new line marking is done. After the new line marking is done, the overall racking installation is done, in which the current racking is disassembled, new racking is assembled and finally, re-assembling of the overall racking is done. Then finally, the material from Plexicor is then moved and placed into the new storage locations in DC, it is done in three steps, starting from creation of new storage locations in the system and labelling physical storage locations and moving all the inventory into the new location. The overall planning and implementation is done in the right way, logically, sequential manner, without any conflicts and without any of the disturbances. Scheduling Resources Resources are the major strengths as well as the weaknesses of the project management team. Resources of the project can be opportunity to use them in an optimistic ways and the same can become threat, when not used properly or in the right manner. So, attention is needed for these areas, to develop the schedule of teh project, so that the bottlenecks of the project can be identified, right before the commencement of the project (Dinsmoer et al., 2005). The project needs various kinds of resources, majorly human resources, time and budget resources and human resources and time are considered here. The project needed five project stakeholders, who have active involvement in to the project. Project sponsor, acted by Operational Manager of Futuris Project manager, acted by MP L Manager Team Member 1, who is Ceva supervisor Team Member 2, who is Ceva Logistics engineer Team Member 3, who is materials handling supervisor Since the entire active project stakeholders, participating actively and directly into the implementation of the project are from the same company, they know, in and out of the company and are aware of the total environment of the company, including warehouse site locations as well as the material to be handled. The overall stakeholders for the project are Furturis Automotive, Ceva logistics, third party contractors and Unions. Though third party contractors and Unions play passive role, the overall project implementation and performance, would influence their operations and future business potential with Futuris. Time is another important aspect for consideration, which also influence the total success of the project. The project has spent most of its time for racking installation, which is a long and tedious process for accommodating both the old and the new racks and stock items. Then relocation of the product has taken more time, which involves loading, transportation and unloading of the stock items from Plexicor to Futuris DC. When the scheduling and planning is done, the public holidays are not considered, it seems. So, item 2, which is repositioning the existing racking has taken long time, because of the public holidays. Three public holidays, related to Easter has prolonged the total project schedule, to significantly distant start date and end date. If the schedule is considered, to start the project, either after these public holidays or completed before these holidays, the total number of days spent for project could have been decreased or minimized. All the tasks are given enough timing and however, time spent for review meetings can be decreased to some extent, as 35 hours is considerably more for the entire project, since there are a few tasks involved in the project. Operator training is given enough importance, since it will make the future stock movement operations easier enough, minimizing accidents or delays. So, the time spent in review meetings can be minimized and spent for the operator training. Scheduling Costs As per the planning of the project, the total budget of the project should not exceed $150,000. However, the project has been completed successfully, with the budget of $131,374. It shows better performance and controlled scheduling costs of the project. The overall performance, in terms of the budget and costing can be analyzed to be better. However, it cannot be said that the total budget is completed within the specified amount, as specified above. It is because, item 6 is not completed, and the level of barriers installed is not up to the mark or requirement (Filicetti John, 2007). So, additional budget will be required, in order to complete item 6, which is fixing barriers, completely. Major scheduled cost is spent for new racking system in the warehouse and then for repositioning the existing racking system. More than the labour cost, material cost is increased, and it is a good sign as the material has some amount of return, as it can be considered as a property. On an overall, it can be analyzed that the budget is optimally utilized for implementation of the project. Risk Management Risk management is an effective and efficient tool, which would be in the project manager or project management hand. It is possible that even well planned as well as well executed projects may result in unfavorable outcome, because of unfavorable reasons or unfavorable factors that can sudden or accidental in nature. In this warehouse requirement project, the project management team had to account for different kinds of and many kinds of natural risks that are quite possible to occur, though these are rarely happened in nature. The project is dealing with the stock as well heavy equipment, such as racks, etc., which are well prone to accidents and also wear-out easily, because of mishandling. So, adequate risk management steps had to be taken, to ensure that the workforce or the team members of the project are affected, in terms of health and minimize the loss of property (Harrison Lock, 2004). Risk management is perceived to be done better. It is because each and every step has been taken so calculatedly and for each and every significant and major task, the prior approval from the authorities has been taken. Approval from relative departments to perform tasks related to that specific department, would involve the hierarchy of the department, and they become active stakeholders, and higher authorities, approve, only after confirmation that there would not be any risks associated to the respective department. For example, the project management has taken the approval for entering into supplier contracts, expenditure approvals, program design, development, tooling and expenditure, capital expenditure, etc., and it shows a clear indication of opening scope of assessing the risks associated by the authorities, as well, apart from the project management team. Most of the major risk events are anticipated and the necessary measures are taken. The major risk events anticipated are failure to support manufacturing material delivery requirements with optimum material delivery systems, increased cost over run from increased headcount, failure of IT, project cost over-run. All these risks are well anticipated and the necessary actions, to mitigate and prevent are also taken, as per the report given for the project. It would also be good, if natural calamities, or extreme weathers are also taken into consideration, since these events are possible, though are not regular, but logically, possible. In addition to the identified possible risk events, it has to be acknowledged that the contingency fund is allocated and to the optimum levels or percentage, up to 15%, which is fair enough. Performance Management The overall project is analyzed to have good performance, since it is completed within the budget, scope and considerably in less, time, though there are three public holidays, which have prolonged the overall schedule of the project (Kotter, 2011). The project has been successful, in terms of completion of the tasks successfully, because of an important factor, coordination of the stakeholders, though from different departments, companies and from different locations. Clear agreements among the three departments and domains have led the project to go smoother and with no conflict, or disturbances of the operations, related to stock delivery and storage. Toolbox is also a good and instant communication method that has been enabled between the Ceva logistics materials handlers and Futuris materials handlers. All the other stakeholders are well communicated and informed about the project update in the weekly project review meeting minutes. The weekly project review meeting minutes are conducted on Wednesdays, however, could have been better, if conducted in beginning of the week, on Monday or weekend, on Friday. However, as long as there are no coordination issues and no disturbances in their combined tasks, the schedule is expect ed to be done well. The overall project is well recorded, both physically and digitally. The project related data, such as Cap Ex forms, purchase orders, supplier invoices, employee timesheets and safety sign off are well recorded in computer as well as in written formats and the locations of storage of both physical data and digital data are also specified clearly. It can be perceived as a good performance criteria, as the overall project implementation can be a recorded project experience that can be well and easily accessed in the future for similar future projects. It could decrease the effort to be put right from the scratch, to conduct similar projects. The intermediate performance is an important method to define the overall performance of the project. The regular performance, in terms of budget review is conducted on a regular basis. These meetings are project review meeting, open issues meeting, steering committee meeting and budget review meeting, conducted on weekly or fortnight basis. Another important and best part of performance determination criteria is setting the quality criteria, though some of these criteria are subjective in nature. Flawless Plexicor product integration, zero lost production time, adequate training of the operators, no outstanding safety issues, related to the changes of the layout and weekly review meetings, for continuing and layout change are the quality criteria set and defined. If all these criteria set is met by the end of the project, which is not specified, then the project is confidently said to be completed with much better performance. Conclusion The project, warehouse integration of two sites into one site is a project that is analyzed to be completed successfully, based on the information provided in the report of the project. However, there is always scope for betterment of the performance. Eventually, it is an indication that the project can further be completed within less scheduled timeframe and scheduled budget, justifying the scope defined, before commencement of the project. References Velagapudi, Mridula, 2012, Why You Cannot Avoid Virtual Project Management 2012 Onwards Curlee, Wanda, 2011,The Virtual Project Management Office: Best Practices, Proven Methods APM, 2006, Body of Knowledge 5th edition, Association for Project Management, Serra, C. E. M, Kunc, M. 2014, "Benefits Realisation Management and its influence on project success and on the execution of business strategies".International Journal of Project Management Kousholt, B, 2007,Project Management . Theory and practice. Nyt Teknisk Forlag Cleland, I,D, Gareis, R, 2006,Global Project Management Handbook. "Chapter 1: "The evolution of project management". McGraw-Hill Professional Nokes, Sebastian, 2007, The Definitive Guide to Project Management.. 2nd Edn. Financial Times / Prentice Hall, London. Cattani, G., Ferriani, S., Frederiksen, L. and Florian, T. 2011, Project-Based Organizing and Strategic Management, Advances in Strategic Management, Vol 28, Emerald. PMI, 2010,A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge Lock, D, 2007, Project Management, 9th edN. Gower Publishing, Ltd. Kwak, Y, Carayannis, 2005 The story of managing projects. 9 eds,, Greenwood Publishing Group. Dinsmore, C, P, et al, 2005,The right projects done right!John Wiley and Sons. Ireland, R, L, 2006, Project Management. McGraw-Hill Professional. Cromwell, S, and Kolb, J, 2004, "An examination of work-environment support factors affecting transfer of supervisory skills training to the work place",Human Resource Development Quarterly, Vol. 15 No. 4 Dean, Christina, 2009,RIMER Managing Successful Change.Uniforte Pty Ltd. Australia. Skelsey, Dan,2013,Why Do People In Business Resist Change?. Project Laneway. Filicetti, John, 2007,Project Management Dictionary. PM Hut. Kotter, J., 2011,Change Management vs. Change Leadership -- What's the Difference?.Forbes online Khazanchi, Deepak, 2005,Patterns of Effective Project Management in Virtual Projects: An Exploratory Study. Project Management Institute. Harrison, F. L. Lock, D, 2004,Advanced project management: a structured approach. Gower Publishing, Ltd.

A Tale of a War Between Two Cities essays

A Tale of a War Between Two Cities essays Government has been an essential part to our world for as long as we have existed. People who disagree with the government have been around for just as long. A Tale of Two Cities, written by Charles Dickens, takes place in England and France during the French Revolution. The novel shows the impact that the revolution had on citizens of England and France. The revolution and government's effect was shown in characters in the book, such as, the Defarges, the Marquis St. Evrmonde, and Sydney Carton. The outcome of A Tale of Two Cities is formed with the help of government and the revolution. The message that A Tale of Two Cities showed throughout the book, was how war and change in government can affect the people. The wine shop in Paris was the hot spot for French revolutionists, mostly because the wine shop owners, Ernest Defarge, and his wife, Madame Therese Defarge, were leaders and officials of the revolution. Every night, the men of the revolution living in Saint Antoine, met in the wine shop to discuss their plans of the revolution. Throughout the story, Mme. Defarge knits accounts of the meeting, which is similar to a hit list'. She is a very major character in the story and is very stubborn and unforgiving in her revenge against the Evrmonde family. The story shows the vengeance that the revolutionist, Mme. Defarge, had toward the government, " Well, well, but one must stop somewhere. After all, the question is where? At extermination,' said madame." (Dickens,351) Mme. Defarge had such hatred toward the Marquis, and his decedent, Charles Darney, that she would stop at nothing to destroy them, even if it came to the guillotine. Dickens putting Mme. Defarge in the book, may sh ow his displeasure with human nature and the way the revolutionist handled their problems. Although honorable to her family, Mme. Defarge's scheme against the Evrmonde family may have been too cold and h...

International Brotherhood of Teamsters essays

International Brotherhood of Teamsters essays The International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen, and Helpers of America, is one of the largest trade unions in the world. It was first chartered as the Team Drivers International Union in 1899. The name was changed to the International Brotherhood of Teamsters in 1903. The Teamsters came about like other unions because workers were not protected from economic exploitation or from the consequences of illness, disability, or unemployment. The Teamsters enabled employees to participate in many types of political activities and to protect themselves by political and economic means. The membership consists of about 1.7 million people in such different fields as transportation, warehousing, health care, office management, and construction, as well as many workers in the bakery, dairy, brewery, and food-processing industries. The Teamsters is the only union that represents every craft of workers in the airline industry. The union also represents a growing number of public employees, especially ones working in prisons. One out of every ten union members is a teamster. The union is organized into five area conferences that help some 700 locals in the U.S., Canada, and Puerto Rico with regional contracts and negotiations. Their Headquarters is in Washington, D.C. Unlike other labor unions, the Teamsters union is structured to promote strong local unions, and strong local leaders. Since the locals negotiate most Teamster contracts and provide most of the services to the members. At the union's headquarters in Washington, D.C., the International Brotherhood of Teamsters supports local unions with coordination of national contract negotiations, political action, and organizing; Training and educational programs for local leaders, stewards, and members; Advice and assistance from experienced organizers, negotiators, researchers, attorneys, safety and health professionals, auditors, and communications specialists....

Letter of Interest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Letter of Interest - Essay Example My Case Study Project revolved around a woman with sickle cell anemia who exhibited deteriorated eating habits. Despite encountering challenges when handling patients, the spirit of ‘patients first’ kept me grounded throughout. It was with such motivation that I devotedly engaged nurses, doctors and his parents by constantly communicating with them in a bid to unveil his nutritional needs and enable him attain skills on how to contain his insatiable appetite so that he could significantly gain weight and eventually enhance his eating habits. I believe that this experience best serves to demonstrate how my education, persistence, passion, devotion and expertise have modeled me to be of assistance to others. Besides my dedicated work in the Dietetic Internship, I recently graduated from New York University; Steinhart School of Culture, Education, and Human Development’s, masters program in Nutrition. I attained my undergraduate degree from United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) in Dietetics and was more than fortunate during the four-year B.S. degree to clinch tremendous knowledge from my professors and colleagues. Moreover, during my undergraduate years, I interned in various clinical nutrition departments in different hospitals in Dubai and Sharjah under which I had experience with different cases and patients. I was selected by food and agriculture faculty as 2009 Chair of the student-governed association and assisted in tutoring students in DPD courses. Following my educational background and extensive hands-on work experience, I was modeled into a well-rounded clinician, who will be an asset to the diverse clinical setting of your

Moments of excitatory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Moments of excitatory - Essay Example Whereas I have always taken it as a family or religious obligation, it has never occurred to me that I was working for powerful masters. It is evident from the reading that definition of work can be as many as the people we have in the world. Although some obligations seem as voluntary, they actually qualify as work. For instance, church volunteer ship does not seem like work at first glance. However, the same qualifies as work although there may be lack of direct benefits. This makes us questions some of the things we do in life. For instance, is service to God work? Clergymen and other church leaders are paid for work although they are actually serving God. On the other hand, church members volunteer their service to God without pay. It may be confusing when we seek to determine who, among volunteers or clergymen, actually works. Despite many definitions of work, many questions arise when volunteer ship comes into play. It makes us question whether people such as mother Teresa were actually working or volunteering service. Further, we would be interested to deconstruct whether they were working for God or for the people. Work is an interesting concept and understanding of underlying ideas needs to be

Hellenistic and Greek Essay Example for Free

Hellenistic and Greek Essay The Hellenistic world between 323 and 30 BCE represents the time of the Hellenistic civilization that was brought about by the influence of the Greek in the ancient world. This is the period between the time when Alexander the great died and when Augustus became the first emperor of the Rome. This Greek culture was adopted and had an eventual effect on the world of the Mediterranean and even beyond. This age was then preceded by the classical age which became known in the 19th century. Alexander the Great played a key role in the spread of Hellenism to the Middle East, East Asia and the African continent (Manson, 4). During his time of campaigning he conquered the Persian Empire, and other lands like Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, Egypt and other parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan. The end of the period is when the Roman Republic conquered Greece. Part 2 The Greek architecture dealt with decorations mostly sculptures of which were the basic feature of the temple. Among the most common seen works include those of Parthenon. Apart from the temples, the Greek also built the theaters which can be seen from the ruins in the present time. The works of the Greeks represented a kind of repose, harmony and proportion to its effect which is identified by the selection of materials, their style and site, and the arrangement of the masses of stones. Most importantly, there were the distinctive Doric temples which were twice as long as they were once wide, and half as they were wide. The Greek architecture is different from that of the Egyptian culture (Manson, 2). In particular, Egyptians used to cover nearly every bit of space with ornament. The Egyptians did not make a gable to the roofs as the Greek did in order to ward off the weather. This thus shows how weather brought about new different features between the two cultures. Concisely, Apart from internal aesthetics, the outer architectural designs were controlled by the climatic conditions of the two locations.

The Struggle in Sylvia Plaths Lady Lazarus Essay -- Lady Lazarus Essa

The Struggle in Lady Lazarus  Ã‚  Ã‚      Lady Lazarus repeats the struggle between Nazi and Jew which is used in Daddy, with the Nazi atrocities a background across which the amazing, self-renewing speaker strides. The speaker orchestrates every aspect of her show, attempting to undermine the power an audience would normally have over her. She controls her body, instead of being a passive object of other eyes. The speaker orders her enemy to Peel off the napkin, telling the audience that there is a charge for her performance, but death to her is nothing but a big strip tease. Do I terrify? she asks rhetorically, she knows her effect on them. Lady Lazarus intentionally contributes to the spectacle that fetishises her; she compartmentalises herself, These are my hands, / My knees, harshly mocking the gentlemen and ladies as she reveals their morbid avidity. She is both pitying and scornful: Do not think I underestimate your great concern. Her disenfleshment at the hands of the enemy, viewed avidly by the peanut-crunching crowd, is something that she wills, just as ...

Social Capital has been described as involving egocentric, weak ties and socio-centric types of relationships

Social Capital has been described as involving egocentric, weak ties and socio-centric types of relationships. How might these concepts help to improve the way organisations generate new knowledge. Might some these concepts also act as a barrier to generating and sharing knowledge? Explain your answer. Introduction In contemporary, highly developing business environment, the success factors of many organisations have been affected with the rapid advancement in communication and ways of sharing knowledge. The knowledge economy has changed the basis of trading and doing business. Success and wealth of businesses no longer depends on their wealth of organisations but on the abilities and knowledge of their employees and the degree to which an organisation harnesses and develops those skills. The more effective the relationship between supplier and customer, the more successful an organisation is. This success depends on their abilities to operate in today's fast moving global marketplace. Defining the notion of Social Capital The notion of social capital first appeared in discussions of rural school community centers by Lyda Judson Hanifan's. Hanifan addressed the cultivation of good will, fellowship, sympathy and social intercourse among those that ‘made up a social unit.' More recently however, the work of Robert D. Putnam (1993, 2000) launched social capital as a focus for research and policy discussion. Putman defined the concept of social capital as â€Å"Features of social organisation, such as trust, norms and networks that can improve the efficiency of society by facilitating coordinated action† (Putnam, 1993). This definition of social capital can be criticised for adopting a single view, and being too narrow, as it ignores the fact that social capital can generate negative externalities as well as positive. Putman assumes ‘trust, norms and networks' to have positive outcomes for an individual, or a group however fails to recognise that it can be harmful for an organisation as a whole. Michael Woolcock on the other hand defined social capital as â€Å"the norms and social relations embedded in the social structure that enable people to coordinate action to achieve desired goals† This definition not only recognises both positive and negative externalities of social capital but focuses solely on sources of social capital, rather than also including the outcomes derived from it. One of the most famous examples where social capital is commonly referred to is in Silicon Valley (San Francisco). Silicon Valley is in the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California in the United States. It contains many high tech businesses that are supplying the global market with many innovating technologies and silicon microchips. In Silicon Valley, there is a very high level of knowledge held within individual firms, but this would be true whether they were located in clusters or in isolation. There is also a very high level of knowledge about the firms as well. This information is differentially more available to those in the Valley and in the network. This knowledge is not just technical, it is knowledge about who is a good manager or well connected. It is embedded in the social setting, a knowledge that comes from learning and being in the place where the knowledge is being used, and having an opportunity to use it in that setting. It is about knowled ge use and production in action. Social Capital – promotes knowledge sharing and communication Many contemporary theorists who conducted studies on social capital identified two differing perspectives within the concept. These concepts are socio-centric, and ego-centric. The socio-centric approach argues that the social structure of interpersonal contacts is important for organizational success (Sandefur and Laumann, 1998). A business can benefit from a strong social structure, by allowing employee cooperation that will enable flexibility and innovation. Knowledge sharing helps employees perform their jobs more effectively, retain their jobs, and guides them in personal and career development. It also rewards them for successful achievements, and brings more personal recognition so that knowledge sharing will become more practiced. By sharing and collaborating with others an employee is more likely to succeed in providing solutions to his/hers own jobs and by helping others achieve their objectives. The philosophy of modern knowledge management exponents is that ‘intrinsic motivation' is the only real motivator of knowledge sharing. This is where an individual, group or community are sympathetic to each other's goals, those of the organisation work for collective goals-if these are best achieved through sharing then this is what happens. Intrinsic motivation is making sure that individuals feel part of the business and culture through reward and recognition. The second perspective of social capital is concerned with the relationships between individuals. Sandefur and Laumann (1998) refer to this as the egocentric approach of social networks, where â€Å"an individual's social capital is characterized by their direct relationships with others and by the other people and relationships that they can reach through those to whom they are directly tied†. From this perspective, social capital is able to explain the differences in the success of individuals and firms in a competitive environment (Adler and Kwon, 1999). A learning organisation views its future and subsequent competitive advantage based on continuous learning and adaptive behaviour. It develops a culture and processes to improve its ability to learn and share both at an individual and organisational level. The main aim is to create a flexible, agile organisation able to handle uncertainty and then hopefully organisations will use this uncertainty to generate new ways of working, to build on this success and learn by mistakes. For example: a large multinational company, British Airways (BA) identified its culture as the biggest barrier it had to learning and sharing so it set out to create an environment where this was made easy. BA developed facilities for staff to access knowledge, libraries, have meeting rooms, training rooms that enhanced its culture. Therefore the facilitation of personal contacts and network, and the enhance role of training and development being a core was British Airways success for its new culture. Social capital – barrier to knowledge sharing and communication As developed in Ronald Burt's theory (1998), the socio-centric notion can act as a barrier to generating and sharing knowledge in an organisation. The socio-centric perspective includes the concept of power benefits acquired by individuals that control structural holes. This idea shows how certain individuals within an organisation may have power over groups of employees and act as the link between them. Such individuals are said to be ‘filling a structural hole', therefore their relative contacts have no direct contact with one another. This allows such an individual to have a certain level of manipulation over knowledge sharing between the two groups and benefit from the social capital derived from them. This can be both an advantage and disadvantage to the firm. It can be an advantage to the individual in that their social capital is increased, and that it allows the two departments to communicate ideas effectively. However the filling of structural holes with one individual could also act as a barrier to generating and sharing new knowledge within the firm. Because when implemented in a firm it means that individuals in different departments do not need to communicate between each other eliminating knowledge sharing within the individuals in each department. Within an egocentric network, sharing of knowledge can be one of the most difficult problems faced by knowledge organisations. In most organisations knowledge sharing requires a change in corporate culture, from ‘information is power' to ‘knowledge sharing build power.' Many organisations decide that the most effective way to encourage individual sharing appears to be through appraisal systems where individuals are asked to assess their own knowledge-sharing behaviours and consider their colleagues view of their sharing performance. The most obvious disadvantages are: an employee may fear senior experts or a supervisor. This fear can have an impact on the way the employee conveys his/her opinions. Another disadvantage is that employees can get compromising solutions from a group of experts with conflicting opinions. This would not give the knowledge engineer an accurate view of the knowledge needed. Also, there can also be a Lack of confidentiality as employees may feel threatened by knowing that their contributions will be shared with and evaluated or validated by other domain experts. However, the results of the appraisals may affect promotion and salary but their use is part of the development culture that includes knowledge sharing as a core competence. Conclusion Social capital has been described as a non-tradable form of capital that will depreciate if not used. Social capital increases in value through use, as relationships get stronger and weak ties are increased (Klaus Nielsen, 2003). In this article we have established that social capital is a rapidly growing notion, more commonly referred to by theorists when discussing issues of economics and organisational knowledge sharing. The concept has been criticised for the diversity of its definition, measurement challenges, and over-versatility (Woolcock and Schuller, 2000). These theorists concluded that social capital can have both a positive and a negative impact on the overall success of an organisation. Positive, in the aspects that a well working network of sharing knowledge can lead to innovation, and greater efficiency of the employees working relationships. Negative in the sense that strong social capital for an individual, or a group of employees does not necessarily guarantee a benefit on a macro scale for the organisation.

Positive Organization Taps the Best Workforce on their Skills, Creativity, Talents and Ideas They Bring Free Essay Example, 1000 words

I would offer an authentic leadership; I would know the Asian cultural beliefs and values, by this I will win the trust of the Asian community. I will encourage a open door policy to increase information flow and communication. I would be a moral manager embracing ethical behavior and reasoning all the time, not acting as an after thought as Jones did. I would call for an employee meeting both the safety team and the Asian women, brainstorm on the problem, this is a proactive way of solving the issue while being reflective of the matter. I would seek an opinion of various Asian community forums and legal expert on the same to be in compliance with the law and promoting religious freedom at the same time. With knowledge of the situation, possible options available from the various responses and critical analysis of the immediate and future consequences, I will call the leaders forum and develop a work plan to incorporate a win-win situation. CEO Chris Blount should appoint Carmellita Suarez as CIO. Carmellita should be the next CIO. ReasonsBenchmarking both Pat and Carmellita we conclude the following; Pat had preconceived notions on his success in IT thinking he has more expertise than the rest, further during the interview he stated that the board should consider the position on merit of work and reputation. Carmellita had a success in working across departments, i.e. teams and suppliers and she could solve any problem arising in the section. Where as Pat had more narrow capabilities only on technical and intelligence aspect. By evaluating both candidates CEO Chris Blount, is seeking to fill the position with the candidate with the best talent and skills i leadership and managerial. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Organization Taps the Best Workforce on their Skills, Creativity, Talents and Ideas They Bring or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The person should be able to make decisions, thus working with other stakeholders is a key factor of a leader. Carmellita works well with other people and adapts with the trends of the company. Carmellita has skills, she is responsible and she represents the company well by solving issues even with suppliers.